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Find necessary and sufficient conditions that determine when the integral curve of two periodic functions kappa(s) and tau(s) with the same period L is a closed curve.

An equation is said to be a closed-form solution if it solves a given problem in terms of functions and mathematical operations from a given generally-accepted set. For ...

A union-closed set is a nonempty finite collection of distinct nonempty finite sets which is closed under union.

The closed graph theorem states that a linear operator between two Banach spaces X and Y is continuous iff it has a closed graph, where the "graph" {(x,f(x)):x in X} is ...

A random closed set (RACS) in R^d is a measurable function from a probability space (Omega,A,P) into (F,Sigma) where F is the collection of all closed subsets of R^d and ...

A set S is said to be GCD-closed if GCD(x_i,x_j) in S for 1<=i,j<=n.

An interval in which one endpoint is included but not the other. A half-closed interval is denoted [a,b) or (a,b] and is also called a half-open interval. The non-standard ...

A closed sentential formula is a sentential formula in which none of the variables are free (i.e., all variables are bound). Examples of closed sentential formulas are given ...

Let A={A_1,A_2,...,A_n} be a union-closed set, then the union-closed set conjecture states that an element exists which belongs to at least n/2 of the sets in A. Sarvate and ...

A lion and a man in a closed arena have equal maximum speeds. What tactics should the lion employ to be sure of his meal? This problem was stated by Rado in 1925 (Littlewood ...