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Let a random n×n (0,1)-matrix have entries which are 1 (with probability p) or 0 (with probability q=1-p). An s-cluster is an isolated group of s adjacent (i.e., horizontally ...

Let L be a nontrivial bounded lattice (or a nontrivial complemented lattice, etc.). If every nonconstant lattice homomorphism defined on L is 0,1-separating, then L is a ...

An abstract group is a group characterized only by its abstract properties and not by the particular representations chosen for elements. For example, there are two distinct ...

An acyclic graph is a graph having no graph cycles. Acyclic graphs are bipartite. A connected acyclic graph is known as a tree, and a possibly disconnected acyclic graph is ...

A Lie algebra is a vector space g with a Lie bracket [X,Y], satisfying the Jacobi identity. Hence any element X gives a linear transformation given by ad(X)(Y)=[X,Y], (1) ...

Aleph-1 is the set theory symbol aleph_1 for the smallest infinite set larger than aleph_0 (Aleph-0), which in turn is equal to the cardinal number of the set of countable ...

Call a projection of a link an almost alternating projection if one crossing change in the projection makes it an alternating projection. Then an almost alternating link is a ...

R. C. Read defined the anarboricity of a graph G as the maximum number of edge-disjoint nonacyclic (i.e., cyclic) subgraphs of G whose union is G (Harary and Palmer 1973, p. ...

A path constructed by repeatedly finding a path of positive capacity from a source to a sink and then adding it to the flow (Skiena 1990, p. 237). An augmenting path for a ...

A generalization of Fermat's last theorem which states that if a^x+b^y=c^z, where a, b, c, x, y, and z are any positive integers with x,y,z>2, then a, b, and c have a common ...