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A polygon P is said to be simple (or a Jordan polygon) if the only points of the plane belonging to two polygon edges of P are the polygon vertices of P. Such a polygon has a ...

In the IEEE 754-2008 standard (referred to as IEEE 754 henceforth), NaN (or "not a number") is a symbolic floating-point representation which is neither a signed infinity nor ...

A geometry in which Euclid's fifth postulate holds, sometimes also called parabolic geometry. Two-dimensional Euclidean geometry is called plane geometry, and ...

The Japanese variant of the game of chess. Shogi is played on a 9×9 uncheckered board, and each player begins with 20 pieces: one king, one rook, one bishop, two gold ...

A smooth structure on a topological manifold (also called a differentiable structure) is given by a smooth atlas of coordinate charts, i.e., the transition functions between ...

Define A^' to be the point (other than the polygon vertex A) where the triangle median through A meets the circumcircle of ABC, and define B^' and C^' similarly. Then the ...

An ordering of permutations in which each two adjacent permutations differ by the transposition of two elements. For the permutations of {1,2,3} there are two listings which ...

A set of n cells in an n×n square such that no two come from the same row and no two come from the same column. The number of transversals of an n×n square is n! (n ...

A box-and-whisker plot (sometimes called simply a box plot) is a histogram-like method of displaying data, invented by J. Tukey. To create a box-and-whisker plot, draw a box ...

The Gömböc (meaning "sphere-like" in Hungarian) is the name given to a class of convex solids which possess a unique stable and a unique unstable point of equilibrium. ...