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In voting theory, a Condorcet candidate is a candidate who always wins in a 2-person election but loses in larger election. For example, consider the 6-tuples of 6-sided die ...

The phrase "convergence in mean" is used in several branches of mathematics to refer to a number of different types of sequential convergence. In functional analysis, ...

A set function mu possesses countable additivity if, given any countable disjoint collection of sets {E_k}_(k=1)^n on which mu is defined, mu( union ...

A sphere with a single cross-cap. This term is more appropriate in purely topological applications than the more common term real projective plane, which implies the presence ...

A cubic triangular number is a positive integer that is simultaneously cubic and triangular. Such a number must therefore satisfy T_n=m^3 for some positive integers n and m, ...

A curve whose centrode revolves about a fixed axis with constant angle and speed when the curve is traversed with unit speed. The tangent indicatrix of a curve of constant ...

A polynomial Z_G(q,v) in two variables for abstract graphs. A graph with one graph vertex has Z=q. Adding a graph vertex not attached by any graph edges multiplies the Z by ...

A difference-differential equation is a two-variable equation consisting of a coupled ordinary differential equation and recurrence equation. In older literature, the term ...

Given any assignment of n-element sets to the n^2 locations of a square n×n array, is it always possible to find a partial Latin square? The fact that such a partial Latin ...

A surface S is n-embeddable if it can be placed in R^n-space without self-intersections, but cannot be similarly placed in any R^k for k<n. A surface so embedded is said to ...