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A module M over a unit ring R is called faithfully flat if the tensor product functor - tensor _RM is exact and faithful. A faithfully flat module is always flat and ...

Euler (1738, 1753) considered the series s_a(x)=sum_(n=1)^infty[1/(1-a^n)product_(k=0)^(n-1)(1-xa^(-k))]. He showed that just like log_a(a^n)=n, s_a(a^n)=n for nonnegative ...

An efficient version of the Walsh transform that requires O(nlnn) operations instead of the n^2 required for a direct Walsh transform (Wolfram 2002, p. 1072).

A Julia set J consisting of a set of isolated points which is formed by taking a point outside an underlying set M (e.g., the Mandelbrot set). If the point is outside but ...

If {f_n} is a sequence of nonnegative measurable functions, then intlim inf_(n->infty)f_ndmu<=lim inf_(n->infty)intf_ndmu. (1) An example of a sequence of functions for which ...

The Faulkner-Younger graphs (Faulkner and Younger 1974) are the cubic polyhedral nonhamiltonian graphs on 42 and 44 vertices illustrated above that are counterexamples to ...

Given a sequence of independent random variates X_1, X_2, ..., if sigma_k^2=var(X_k) and rho_n^2=max_(k<=n)((sigma_k^2)/(s_n^2)), then lim_(n->infty)rho_n^2=0. This means ...

A self-avoiding polygon containing three corners of its minimal bounding rectangle. The anisotropic area and perimeter generating function G(x,y) and partial generating ...

The Feuerbach triangle is the triangle formed by the three points of tangency of the nine-point circle with the excircles (Kimberling 1998, p. 158). (The fact that the ...

A fibered category F over a topological space X consists of 1. a category F(U) for each open subset U subset= X, 2. a functor i^*:F(U)->F(V) for each inclusion i:V↪U, and 3. ...