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A volume element is the differential element dV whose volume integral over some range in a given coordinate system gives the volume of a solid, V=intintint_(G)dxdydz. (1) In ...

A surface which can be interpreted as a self-intersecting rectangle in three dimensions. The Whitney umbrella is the only stable singularity of mappings from R^2 to R^3. It ...

Calculus II

A hyperboloid is a quadratic surface which may be one- or two-sheeted. The one-sheeted hyperboloid is a surface of revolution obtained by rotating a hyperbola about the ...

The Reuleaux tetrahedron, sometimes also called the spherical tetrahedron, is the three-dimensional solid common to four spheres of equal radius placed so that the center of ...

To pick a random point on the surface of a unit sphere, it is incorrect to select spherical coordinates theta and phi from uniform distributions theta in [0,2pi) and phi in ...

A quantity such as a polynomial discriminant which remains unchanged under a given class of algebraic transformations. Such invariants were originally called ...

The atom-spiral, also known as the atomic spiral, is the curve with polar equation r=theta/(theta-a) for a real parameter a (van Maldeghem 2002). When theta is allows to vary ...

A column-convex self-avoiding polygon which contains the bottom edge of its minimal bounding rectangle. The anisotropic perimeter and area generating function ...

Bit rate (i.e., bits per second, abbreviated bps) is a measure of the number of data bits (digital 0s and 1s) transmitted each second in a digital communications channel. If ...