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A series suma(n)e^(-lambda(n)z), where a(n) and z are complex and {lambda(n)} is a monotonic increasing sequence of real numbers. The numbers lambda(n) are called the ...

kappa(d)={(2lneta(d))/(sqrt(d)) for d>0; (2pi)/(w(d)sqrt(|d|)) for d<0, (1) where eta(d) is the fundamental unit and w(d) is the number of substitutions which leave the ...

A.k.a. the pigeonhole principle. Given n boxes and m>n objects, at least one box must contain more than one object. This statement has important applications in number theory ...

Dirichlet's principle, also known as Thomson's principle, states that there exists a function u that minimizes the functional D[u]=int_Omega|del u|^2dV (called the Dirichlet ...

A graph G is said to be disconnected if it is not connected, i.e., if there exist two nodes in G such that no path in G has those nodes as endpoints. The numbers of ...

A topological space that is not connected, i.e., which can be decomposed as the disjoint union of two nonempty open subsets. Equivalently, it can be characterized as a space ...

A statistical distribution whose variables can take on only discrete values. Abramowitz and Stegun (1972, p. 929) give a table of the parameters of most common discrete ...

A set S is discrete in a larger topological space X if every point x in S has a neighborhood U such that S intersection U={x}. The points of S are then said to be isolated ...

The discrete uniform distribution is also known as the "equally likely outcomes" distribution. Letting a set S have N elements, each of them having the same probability, then ...

The disdyakis dodecahedron is the dual polyhedron of the Archimedean great rhombicuboctahedron A_3 and Wenninger dual W_(15). It is also called the hexakis octahedron ...