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A root-finding algorithm which makes use of a third-order Taylor series f(x)=f(x_n)+f^'(x_n)(x-x_n)+1/2f^('')(x_n)(x-x_n)^2+.... (1) A root of f(x) satisfies f(x)=0, so 0 ...

Topology

A parabola (plural "parabolas"; Gray 1997, p. 45) is the set of all points in the plane equidistant from a given line L (the conic section directrix) and a given point F not ...

Barycentric coordinates are triples of numbers (t_1,t_2,t_3) corresponding to masses placed at the vertices of a reference triangle DeltaA_1A_2A_3. These masses then ...

The Brocard axis is the line KO passing through the symmedian point K and circumcenter O of a triangle, where the segment OK is the Brocard diameter (Kimberling 1998, p. ...

The curve given by the polar equation r=a(1-costheta), (1) sometimes also written r=2b(1-costheta), (2) where b=a/2. The cardioid has Cartesian equation ...

A regularly spaced array of points in a square array, i.e., points with coordinates (m,n,...), where m, n, ... are integers. Such an array is often called a grid or mesh, and ...

A random-connection model (RCM) is a graph-theoretic model of continuum percolation theory characterized by the existence of a stationary point process X and a non-increasing ...

All the propositions in projective geometry occur in dual pairs which have the property that, starting from either proposition of a pair, the other can be immediately ...

Let f:R×R->R be a one-parameter family of C^3 maps satisfying f(0,0) = 0 (1) [(partialf)/(partialx)]_(mu=0,x=0) = -1 (2) [(partial^2f)/(partialx^2)]_(mu=0,x=0) < 0 (3) ...