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Let S be a set and F={S_1,...,S_p} a nonempty family of distinct nonempty subsets of S whose union is union _(i=1)^pS_i=S. The intersection graph of F is denoted Omega(F) and ...

The inhomogeneous Helmholtz differential equation is del ^2psi(r)+k^2psi(r)=rho(r), (1) where the Helmholtz operator is defined as L^~=del ^2+k^2. The Green's function is ...

Given two groups G and H, there are several ways to form a new group. The simplest is the direct product, denoted G×H. As a set, the group direct product is the Cartesian ...

A group homomorphism is a map f:G->H between two groups such that the group operation is preserved:f(g_1g_2)=f(g_1)f(g_2) for all g_1,g_2 in G, where the product on the ...

A set of vectors in Euclidean n-space is said to satisfy the Haar condition if every set of n vectors is linearly independent (Cheney 1999). Expressed otherwise, each ...

Let f be an entire function of finite order lambda and {a_j} the zeros of f, listed with multiplicity, then the rank p of f is defined as the least positive integer such that ...

Half-angle formulas and formulas expressing trigonometric functions of an angle x/2 in terms of functions of an angle x. For real x, sin(1/2x) = ...

The half-normal distribution is a normal distribution with mean 0 and parameter theta limited to the domain x in [0,infty). It has probability and distribution functions ...

An elliptic function can be characterized by its real and imaginary half-periods omega_1 and omega_2 (Whittaker and Watson 1990, p. 428), sometimes also denoted ...

A root-finding algorithm also known as the tangent hyperbolas method or Halley's rational formula. As in Halley's irrational formula, take the second-order Taylor series ...