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The constant polynomial P(x)=0 whose coefficients are all equal to 0. The corresponding polynomial function is the constant function with value 0, also called the zero map. ...

A class formed by sets in R^n which have essentially the same structure, regardless of size, shape and dimension. The "essential structure" is what a set keeps when it is ...

If a discrete group of displacements in the plane has more than one center of rotation, then the only rotations that can occur are by 2, 3, 4, and 6. This can be shown as ...

Given a group action G×F->F and a principal bundle pi:A->M, the associated fiber bundle on M is pi^~:A×F/G->M. (1) In particular, it is the quotient space A×F/G where ...

A topological two-sphere in three-space whose exterior is not simply connected. The outer complement of Antoine's horned sphere is not simply connected. Furthermore, the ...

Given a number field K, a Galois extension field L, and prime ideals p of K and P of L unramified over p, there exists a unique element sigma=((L/K),P) of the Galois group ...

The Byzantine generals problem considers a computer with many programs running, some of them possibly unfriendly, and asks how the computer can function properly. More ...

A family of functors H_n(·) from the category of pairs of topological spaces and continuous maps, to the category of Abelian groups and group homomorphisms satisfies the ...

Let E be an elliptic curve defined over the field of rationals Q(sqrt(-d)) having equation y^2=x^3+ax+b with a and b integers. Let P be a point on E with integer coordinates ...

The term endomorphism derives from the Greek adverb endon ("inside") and morphosis ("to form" or "to shape"). In algebra, an endomorphism of a group, module, ring, vector ...