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An equation or formula involving transcendental functions.

The extension ring obtained from a commutative unit ring (other than the trivial ring) when allowing division by all non-zero divisors. The ring of fractions of an integral ...

An occurrence of a variable in a logic formula which is not inside the scope of a quantifier.

A local extremum, also called a relative extremum, is a local minimum or local maximum.

An operator definition of a function. A Rodrigues formula may be converted into a Schläfli integral.

A formula of first-order logic is in prenex normal form if it is of the form Q_1x_1...Q_nx_nM, (1) where each Q_i is a quantifier forall ("for all") or exists ("exists") and ...

A sentence is a logic formula in which every variable is quantified. The concept of a sentence is important because formulas with variables that are not quantified are ...

Deciding whether a given Boolean formula in conjunctive normal form has an assignment that makes the formula "true." In 1971, Cook showed that the problem is NP-complete.

A formula is called satisfiable if it takes at least one true value in some interpretation.

A formula whose truth table contains only false in any interpretation is called unsatisfiable.