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The study of manifolds having a complete Riemannian metric. Riemannian geometry is a general space based on the line element ds=F(x^1,...,x^n;dx^1,...,dx^n), with F(x,y)>0 ...

The d-dimensional rigidity matrix M(G) of a graph G with vertex count n, edge count m in the variables v_i=(x_1,...,x_d) is the m×(dn) matrix with rows indexed by the edges ...

A conjecture due to M. S. Robertson in 1936 which treats a univalent power series containing only odd powers within the unit disk. This conjecture implies the Bieberbach ...

Rodrigues' rotation formula gives an efficient method for computing the rotation matrix R in SO(3) corresponding to a rotation by an angle theta about a fixed axis specified ...

Hoffman (1998, p. 90) calls the sum of the exponents in the prime factorization of a number its roundness. The first few values for n=1, 2, ... are 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, ...

Rule 250 is one of the elementary cellular automaton rules introduced by Stephen Wolfram in 1983 (Wolfram 1983, 2002). It specifies the next color in a cell, depending on its ...

The scalar curvature, also called the "curvature scalar" (e.g., Weinberg 1972, p. 135; Misner et al. 1973, p. 222) or "Ricci scalar," is given by R=g^(mukappa)R_(mukappa), ...

A function f in C^infty(R^n) is called a Schwartz function if it goes to zero as |x|->infty faster than any inverse power of x, as do all its derivatives. That is, a function ...

The Schwarz triangles are spherical triangles which, by repeated reflection in their indices, lead to a set of congruent spherical triangles covering the sphere a finite ...

Let I_A, I_B, and I_C be the vertices of the inner Soddy triangle, and also let E_A, E_B, and E_C be the pairwise contact points of the three tangent circles. Then the lines ...