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A quadratic form involving n real variables x_1, x_2, ..., x_n associated with the n×n matrix A=a_(ij) is given by Q(x_1,x_2,...,x_n)=a_(ij)x_ix_j, (1) where Einstein ...

A sequence which arises in the hypothetical reproduction of a population of rabbits. Let the substitution system map 0->1 correspond to young rabbits growing old, and 1->10 ...

In the most commonly used convention (e.g., Apostol 1967, pp. 205-207), the second fundamental theorem of calculus, also termed "the fundamental theorem, part II" (e.g., ...

A semicubical parabola is a curve of the form y=+/-ax^(3/2) (1) (i.e., it is half a cubic, and hence has power 3/2). It has parametric equations x = t^2 (2) y = at^3, (3) and ...

A correction which must be applied to the measured moments m_k obtained from normally distributed data which have been binned in order to obtain correct estimators mu^^_i for ...

A simplex, sometimes called a hypertetrahedron (Buekenhout and Parker 1998), is the generalization of a tetrahedral region of space to n dimensions. The boundary of a ...

A diagram lemma which states that the above commutative diagram of Abelian groups and group homomorphisms with exact rows gives rise to an exact sequence This commutative ...

A curve which may pass through any region of three-dimensional space, as contrasted to a plane curve which must lie in a single plane. Von Staudt (1847) classified space ...

A short exact sequence of groups 0-->A-->B-->C-->0 (1) is called split if it essentially presents B as the direct sum of the groups A and C. More precisely, one can construct ...

A map projection obtained by projecting points P on the surface of sphere from the sphere's north pole N to point P^' in a plane tangent to the south pole S (Coxeter 1969, p. ...