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A system is singular if its condition number is infinite and ill-conditioned if it is too large.

The number 1. There are n nth roots of unity, known as the de Moivre numbers.

Many algorithms have been devised for determining the prime factors of a given number (a process called prime factorization). They vary quite a bit in sophistication and ...

A number which does not divide another exactly. For instance, 4 and 5 are aliquant divisors of 6. A number which is not an aliquant divisor (i.e., one that does divide ...

A quantity which does not equal zero is said to be nonzero. A real nonzero number must be either positive or negative, and a complex nonzero number can have either real or ...

To define a recurring digital invariant of order k, compute the sum of the kth powers of the digits of a number n. If this number n^' is equal to the original number n, then ...

Salem constants, sometimes also called Salem numbers, are a set of numbers of which each point of a Pisot number is a limit point from both sides (Salem 1945). The Salem ...

An algorithm for making tables of primes. Sequentially write down the integers from 2 to the highest number n you wish to include in the table. Cross out all numbers >2 which ...

A complex number z may be represented as z=x+iy=|z|e^(itheta), (1) where |z| is a positive real number called the complex modulus of z, and theta (sometimes also denoted phi) ...

The determination of the number of monotone Boolean functions of n variables (equivalent to the number of antichains on the n-set {1,2,...,n}) is called Dedekind's problem, ...