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A differential ideal is an ideal I in the ring of smooth forms on a manifold M. That is, it is closed under addition, scalar multiplication, and wedge product with an ...

A method which can be used to solve the initial value problem for certain classes of nonlinear partial differential equations. The method reduces the initial value problem to ...

Consider a second-order ordinary differential equation y^('')+P(x)y^'+Q(x)y=0. If P(x) and Q(x) remain finite at x=x_0, then x_0 is called an ordinary point. If either P(x) ...

Let R[z]>0, 0<=alpha,beta<=1, and Lambda(alpha,beta,z)=sum_(r=0)^infty[lambda((r+alpha)z-ibeta)+lambda((r+1-alpha)z+ibeta)], (1) where lambda(x) = -ln(1-e^(-2pix)) (2) = ...

An iterated map is a map that is applied repeatedly to an object. The Wolfram Language function NestList[f, expr, n] gives a list of the results of iterating the function f n ...

Knuth's up-arrow notation is a notation invented by Knuth (1976) to represent large numbers in which evaluation proceeds from the right (Conway and Guy 1996, p. 60): m^n ...

For every positive integer n, there exists a sphere which has exactly n lattice points on its surface. The sphere is given by the equation ...

Given a series of positive terms u_i and a sequence of finite positive constants a_i, let rho=lim_(n->infty)(a_n(u_n)/(u_(n+1))-a_(n+1)). 1. If rho>0, the series converges. ...

A procedure for decomposing an N×N matrix A into a product of a lower triangular matrix L and an upper triangular matrix U, LU=A. (1) LU decomposition is implemented in the ...

A lattice automorphism is a lattice endomorphism that is also a lattice isomorphism.