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A merge sort (or collation sort) is the combination of two or more ordered lists into a single ordered list (Knuth 1998, p. 158). Merge sorting was one of the first methods ...

The metric dimension beta(G) (Tillquist et al. 2021) or dim(G) (Tomescu and Javid 2007, Ali et al. 2016) of a graph G is the smallest number of nodes required to identify all ...

The index associated to a metric tensor g on a smooth manifold M is a nonnegative integer I for which index(gx)=I for all x in M. Here, the notation index(gx) denotes the ...

Miller's rules, originally devised to restrict the number of icosahedron stellations to avoid, for example, the occurrence of models that appear identical but have different ...

A minimal dominating set is a dominating set in a graph that is not a proper subset of any other dominating set. Every minimum dominating set is a minimal dominating set, but ...

An edge coloring of a graph G is a coloring of the edges of G such that adjacent edges (or the edges bounding different regions) receive different colors. An edge coloring ...

A fractal curve created from the base curve and motif illustrated above (Lauwerier 1991, p. 37). As illustrated above, the number of segments after the nth iteration is ...

Minkowski space is a four-dimensional space possessing a Minkowski metric, i.e., a metric tensor having the form dtau^2=-(dx^0)^2+(dx^1)^2+(dx^2)^2+(dx^3)^2. Alternatively ...

A phenomenon in which a system being forced at an irrational period undergoes rational, periodic motion which persists for a finite range of forcing values. It may occur for ...

A square-shaped neighborhood that can be used to define a set of cells surrounding a given cell (x_0,y_0) that may affect the evolution of a two-dimensional cellular ...