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A prime constellation of four successive primes with minimal distance (p,p+2,p+6,p+8). The term was coined by Paul Stäckel (1892-1919; Tietze 1965, p. 19). The quadruplet (2, ...

An extended rooted binary tree satisfying the following conditions: 1. Every node has two children, each colored either red or black. 2. Every tree leaf node is colored ...

A weakly binary tree is a planted tree in which all nonroot graph vertices are adjacent to at most three graph vertices. Let g(z)=sum_(i=0)^inftyg_iz^i, (1) be the generating ...

The eight Gell-Mann matrices lambda_i, i=1,...,8, are an example of the set of generators of the Lie algebra associated to the special unitary group SU(3). Explicitly, these ...

An integer sequence whose terms are defined in terms of number-related words in some language. For example, the following table gives the sequences of numbers having digits ...

The number 24 is equal to 4! (four factorial). A number puzzle asks to construct 24 in as many ways possible using elementary mathematical operations on three copies of the ...

Given a group action G×F->F and a principal bundle pi:A->M, the associated fiber bundle on M is pi^~:A×F/G->M. (1) In particular, it is the quotient space A×F/G where ...

Two cones placed base-to-base. The bicone with base radius r and half-height h has surface area and volume S = 2pirsqrt(r^2+h^2) (1) V = 2/3pir^2h. (2) The centroid is at the ...

The surface given by the parametric equations x = e^(bv)cosv+e^(av)cosucosv (1) y = e^(bv)sinv+e^(av)cosusinv (2) z = e^(av)sinu. (3) For a=b=1, the coefficients of the first ...

A cubic equation is an equation involving a cubic polynomial, i.e., one of the form a_3x^3+a_2x^2+a_1x+a_0=0. Since a_3!=0 (or else the polynomial would be quadratic and not ...