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A planar graph G is said to be triangulated (also called maximal planar) if the addition of any edge to G results in a nonplanar graph. If the special cases of the triangle ...

If replacing each number by its square or cube in a magic square produces another magic square, the square is said to be a trimagic square. Trimagic squares are also called ...

The unitary divisor function sigma_k^*(n) is the analog of the divisor function sigma_k(n) for unitary divisors and denotes the sum-of-kth-powers-of-the-unitary divisors ...

A universal differential equation (UDE) is a nontrivial differential-algebraic equation with the property that its solutions approximate to arbitrary accuracy any continuous ...

A Vandermonde matrix is a type of matrix that arises in the polynomial least squares fitting, Lagrange interpolating polynomials (Hoffman and Kunze p. 114), and the ...

A vector space V is a set that is closed under finite vector addition and scalar multiplication. The basic example is n-dimensional Euclidean space R^n, where every element ...

To find the motion of a rectangular membrane with sides of length L_x and L_y (in the absence of gravity), use the two-dimensional wave equation ...

The term "wedge" has a number of different meanings in mathematics. It is sometimes used as another name for the caret symbol. The term also refers to the notation ( ^ ) used ...

The Wigner 9j-symbols are a generalization of Clebsch-Gordan coefficients and Wigner 3j- and 6j-symbols which arises in the coupling of four angular momenta. They can be ...

Wynn's epsilon-method is a method for numerical evaluation of sums and products that samples a number of additional terms in the series and then tries to extrapolate them by ...