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The primes with Legendre symbol (n/p)=1 (less than N=pi(d) for trial divisor d) which need be considered when using the quadratic sieve factorization method.

Euler (1738, 1753) considered the series s_a(x)=sum_(n=1)^infty[1/(1-a^n)product_(k=0)^(n-1)(1-xa^(-k))]. He showed that just like log_a(a^n)=n, s_a(a^n)=n for nonnegative ...

A number of the form 2^n-1 obtained by setting x=1 in a Fermat-Lucas polynomial, more commonly known as a Mersenne number.

Given T an unbiased estimator of theta so that <T>=theta. Then var(T)>=1/(Nint_(-infty)^infty[(partial(lnf))/(partialtheta)]^2fdx), where var is the variance.

rho_(n+1)(x)=intrho_n(y)delta[x-M(y)]dy, where delta(x) is a delta function, M(x) is a map, and rho is the natural invariant.

Let f(z) be an analytic function in |z-a|<R. Then f(z)=1/(2pi)int_0^(2pi)f(z+re^(itheta))dtheta for 0<r<R.

A finite, increasing sequence of integers {n_1,...,n_m} such that sum_(i=1)^m1/(n_i)-product_(i=1)^m1/(n_i) in N. A sequence is a Giuga sequence iff it satisfies ...

The convolution of two complex-valued functions on a group G is defined as (a*b)(g)=sum_(k in G)a(k)b(k^(-1)g) where the support (set which is not zero) of each function is ...

Given a sequence of real numbers a_n, the infimum limit (also called the limit inferior or lower limit), written lim inf and pronounced 'lim-inf,' is the limit of ...

Given a smooth function f:R^n->R^n, if the Jacobian is invertible at 0, then there is a neighborhood U containing 0 such that f:U->f(U) is a diffeomorphism. That is, there is ...