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Quadratic Form Signature


The signature of a non-degenerate quadratic form

 Q=y_1^2+y_2^2+...+y_p^2-y_(p+1)^2-y_(p+2)^2-...-y_r^2

of rank r is most often defined to be the ordered pair (p,q)=(p,r-p) of the numbers of positive, respectively negative, squared terms in its reduced form.

In the event that the quadratic form Q is allowed to be degenerate, one may write

 Q=y_1^2+...+y_p^2-y_(p+1)^2-...-y_(p+q)^2+y_(p+q+1)^2+...+y_(p+q+z)^2

where the nonzero components y_(p+q+1),...,y_(p+q+z) square to zero. In this case, the signature of Q is most often denoted by one of the triples (p,q,z) or (z,p,q).

A number of other, less common definitions are sometimes attributed to a quadratic form as its signature. In particular, the signature of Q is sometimes defined to be the number p of positive squared terms in its reduced form, as well as the quantity 2p-r.


See also

p-Signature, Quadratic, Quadratic Form Rank, Sylvester's Inertia Law, Sylvester's Signature

Portions of this entry contributed by Christopher Stover

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References

Gradshteyn, I. S. and Ryzhik, I. M. Tables of Integrals, Series, and Products, 6th ed. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, p. 1105, 2000.Snygg, J. A New Approach to Differential Geometry using Clifford's Geometric Algebra. New York: Springer Science+Business Media, 2012.

Referenced on Wolfram|Alpha

Quadratic Form Signature

Cite this as:

Stover, Christopher and Weisstein, Eric W. "Quadratic Form Signature." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/QuadraticFormSignature.html

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