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Maximally Graceful Graph


A maximally graceful graph is a graceful graph that has the maximum possible number of graceful labelings among all graphs with the same number of vertices.

MaximallyGracefulGraphs

The numbers of fundamentally distinct graceful labelings for maximally graceful graphs of various types on n=1, 2, ... vertices are summarized in the following table and illustrated above for all simple graphs.

OEIScountstype
A3793951, 1, 1, 5, 26, 126, 680, 3876, ...simple graphs
A3398921, 1, 1, 5, 26, 126, 680, 3778, ...simple graphs with no isolated points
1, 1, 1, 5, 26, 126, 680, 3778, ...simple connected graphs
MaximallyGracefulConnectedGraph8

Knuth (2024) considered maximally graceful graphs only among graphs containing no isolated points. Those counts are the same as among all connected and all simple graphs up to n=7, but differ at n=8, with the 8-vertex maximally graceful connected (and no-isolated-point) graph having 3778 (instead of 3876) fundamentally distinct graceful labelings. This graph is illustrated above. It is significant for also being the 8-vertex graph having a maximal number (80) of planar embeddings.

Maximally graceful trees are also considered.


See also

Graceful Graph, Graceful Labeling, Maximally Graceful Tree

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References

Knuth, D. E. Problem 97, §7.2.2.3 in The Art of Computer Programming, Vol. 4B: Combinatorial Algorithms, Part 2. New York: Addison-Wesley, 2022.A339892 and A379395 in "The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences."

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Maximally Graceful Graph." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/MaximallyGracefulGraph.html

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