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Logarithmic Branch Point


A logarithmic branch point is a branch point around which repeated analytic continuation produces infinitely many distinct branches. For lnz, continuing a chosen branch counterclockwise around zero adds 2pii on each turn, giving the values

 w_k=ln|z|+i(theta+2pik),

where z!=0, theta is an initial complex argument of z and k is an integer. Thus, zero is a logarithmic branch point, whereas an algebraic branch point has a finite cycle of branches.

The Riemann surface of lnz can be parametrized by z=e^t, w=t, with t in C. The projection t|->e^t is the universal cover of the punctured plane, and changing t to t+2piik moves between its sheets (Honda n.d., p. 70; McMullen 2026, p. 35).

Logarithmic branching concerns analytic continuation, while a logarithmic singularity describes local asymptotic behavior. For example, zlnz has a logarithmic branch point at zero, since each turn changes it by 2piiz, but it tends to zero along any fixed ray on a chosen branch.


See also

Algebraic Branch Point, Analytic Continuation, Branch Point, Logarithm, Logarithmic Singularity, Monodromy, Riemann Surface, Universal Cover

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References

Honda, K. "Notes for Math 520: Complex Analysis." n.d. https://www.math.ucla.edu/~honda/math520/notes.pdf.Jones, G. A. and Singerman, D. Complex Functions: An Algebraic and Geometric Viewpoint. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1987.McMullen, C. T. "Riemann Surfaces." Harvard University, Math 213b, Apr. 28, 2026. https://abel.math.harvard.edu/~ctm/math213b/home/course/course.pdf.

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Logarithmic Branch Point

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Logarithmic Branch Point." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/LogarithmicBranchPoint.html

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