There are a number of slightly different definitions of the Fresnel integrals. In physics, the Fresnel integrals denoted and
are most often defined by
|
(1)
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(2)
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so
|
(3)
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(4)
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These Fresnel integrals are implemented in the Wolfram Language as FresnelC[z] and FresnelS[z].
and
are entire functions.
The
and
integrals are illustrated above in the complex plane.
They have the special values
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(5)
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|
(6)
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|
(7)
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and
|
(8)
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|
(9)
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|
(10)
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An asymptotic expansion for gives
|
(11)
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|
(12)
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Therefore, as ,
and
.
The Fresnel integrals are sometimes alternatively defined as
|
(13)
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|
(14)
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Letting
so
,
and
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(15)
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|
(16)
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In this form, they have a particularly simple expansion in terms of spherical Bessel functions of the first kind. Using
|
(17)
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|
(18)
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|
(19)
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where
is a spherical Bessel function
of the second kind
|
(20)
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|
(21)
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|
(22)
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|
(23)
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(24)
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Related functions ,
,
,
and
are defined by
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(25)
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|
(26)
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|
(27)
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(28)
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