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Ducci Sequence


A Ducci sequence is obtained by starting with an n-tuple of integers and repeatedly replacing it by the cyclic tuple of the absolute values of successive differences,

 D(a_1,a_2,...,a_n)=(|a_1-a_2|,|a_2-a_3|,...,|a_n-a_1|).

For example,

 (1,5,7,9)->(4,2,2,8)->(2,0,6,4)->(2,6,2,2)->(4,4,0,0)->(0,4,0,4)->(4,4,4,4)->(0,0,0,0).

When n is a power of 2, every Ducci sequence of integer n-tuples eventually reaches the zero tuple. For other lengths, nonzero cycles can occur (Breuer 2007).


See also

Difference, Recurrence Equation, Sequence

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References

Breuer, F. "Ducci Sequences in Higher Dimensions." Integers 7, A24, 2007. https://www.emis.de/journals/INTEGERS/papers/h24/h24.pdf.Wong, F.-B. "Ducci Processes." Fib. Quart. 20, 97-105, 1982. https://www.fq.math.ca/Scanned/20-2/wong.pdf.

Cite this as:

Weisstein, Eric W. "Ducci Sequence." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Resource. https://mathworld.wolfram.com/DucciSequence.html

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