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The shortest path problem seeks to find the shortest path (a.k.a. graph geodesic) connecting two specific vertices (u,v) of a directed or undirected graph. The length of the ...

Let v(G) be the number of vertices in a graph G and h(G) the length of the maximum cycle in G. Then the shortness exponent of a class of graphs G is defined by sigma(G)=lim ...

Let the values of a function f(x) be tabulated at points x_i equally spaced by h=x_(i+1)-x_i, so f_1=f(x_1), f_2=f(x_2), ..., f_(11)=f(x_(11)). Then Shovelton's rule ...

The Shrikhande graph is a strongly regular graph on 16 nodes. It is cospectral with the rook graph L_(4,4), so neither of the two is determined by spectrum. The Shrikhande ...

A shuffle-exchange graph is a nonsimple graph (due to the existence of graph loops) whose vertices are length n binary strings with an edge from w to w^' if 1. w^' differs ...

The randomization of a deck of cards by repeated interleaving. More generally, a shuffle is a rearrangement of the elements in an ordered list. Shuffling by exactly ...

A method for constructing magic squares of odd order, also called de la Loubere's method.

Two nodes connected to the same node which are same distance from the root vertex in a rooted tree are called siblings. A function to return the siblings of a vertex v in a ...

A pair of dice which have the same odds for throwing every number as a normal pair of 6-sided dice. They are the only such alternate arrangement if face values are required ...

The edge of a polygon or face of a polyhedron are sometimes called sides.