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What is the longest ladder that can be moved around a right-angled hallway of unit width? For a straight, rigid ladder, the answer is 2sqrt(2), which allows the ladder to ...

There are two functions commonly denoted mu, each of which is defined in terms of integrals. Another unrelated mathematical function represented using the Greek letter mu is ...

"Much greater" is used to indicate a strong inequality in which a is not only greater than b, but much greater (by some convention), is denoted a>>b. For an astronomer, ...

Symbols used to identify irreducible representations of groups: A= singly degenerate state which is symmetric with respect to rotation about the principal C_n axis, B= singly ...

Two integers n and m<n are (alpha,beta)-multiamicable if sigma(m)-m=alphan and sigma(n)-n=betam, where sigma(n) is the divisor function and alpha,beta are positive integers. ...

A multidimensional point process is a measurable function from a probability space (Omega,A,P) into (X,Sigma) where X is the set of all finite or countable subsets of R^d not ...

A generalization of the factorial and double factorial, n! = n(n-1)(n-2)...2·1 (1) n!! = n(n-2)(n-4)... (2) n!!! = n(n-3)(n-6)..., (3) etc., where the products run through ...

Let a set of random variates X_1, X_2, ..., X_n have a probability function P(X_1=x_1,...,X_n=x_n)=(N!)/(product_(i=1)^(n)x_i!)product_(i=1)^ntheta_i^(x_i) (1) where x_i are ...

In a set X equipped with a binary operation · called a product, the multiplicative identity is an element e such that e·x=x·e=x for all x in X. It can be, for example, the ...

In a monoid or multiplicative group where the operation is a product ·, the multiplicative inverse of any element g is the element g^(-1) such that g·g^(-1)=g^(-1)·g=1, with ...