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Let a hotel have a denumerable set of rooms numbered 1, 2, 3, .... Then any finite number n of guests can be accommodated without evicting the current guests by moving the ...

Let 1/p+1/q=1 (1) with p, q>1. Then Hölder's inequality for integrals states that int_a^b|f(x)g(x)|dx<=[int_a^b|f(x)|^pdx]^(1/p)[int_a^b|g(x)|^qdx]^(1/q), (2) with equality ...

z(1-z)(d^2y)/(dz^2)+[c-(a+b+1)z](dy)/(dz)-aby=0. It has regular singular points at 0, 1, and infty. Every second-order ordinary differential equation with at most three ...

Define the "information function" to be I=-sum_(i=1)^NP_i(epsilon)ln[P_i(epsilon)], (1) where P_i(epsilon) is the natural measure, or probability that element i is populated, ...

The branch of mathematics dealing with the efficient and accurate storage, transmission, and representation of information.

An initial value problem is a problem that has its conditions specified at some time t=t_0. Usually, the problem is an ordinary differential equation or a partial ...

Let sumu_k be a series with positive terms and let f(x) be the function that results when k is replaced by x in the formula for u_k. If f is decreasing and continuous for ...

Let X be an infinite set of urelements, and let V(^*X) be an enlargement of the superstructure V(X). Let A,B in V(X) be finitary algebras with finitely many operations, and ...

The inverse function of the Gudermannian y=gd^(-1)phi gives the vertical position y in the Mercator projection in terms of the latitude phi and may be defined for 0<=x<pi/2 ...

(1) or (2) The solutions are Jacobi polynomials P_n^((alpha,beta))(x) or, in terms of hypergeometric functions, as y(x)=C_1_2F_1(-n,n+1+alpha+beta,1+alpha,1/2(x-1)) ...