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A sequence of numbers alpha_n is said to be uncorrelated if it satisfies lim_(n->infty)1/(2n)sum_(m=-n)^nalpha_m^2=1 lim_(n->infty)1/(2n)sum_(m=-n)^nalpha_malpha_(k+m)=0 for ...

Conway's soldiers, also known as the "solitaire army" game (Berlekamp et al. 1982) or "checker-jumping problem" (Honsberger 1976) is a one-player game played on an infinite ...

Let P be the principal (initial investment), r be the annual compounded rate, i^((n)) the "nominal rate," n be the number of times interest is compounded per year (i.e., the ...

A marked point process with mark space E is a double sequence (T,Y)=((T_n)_(n>=1),(Y_n)_(n>=1)) of R^^^+-valued random variables and E^_-valued random variables Y_n defined ...

A simple point process (or SPP) is an almost surely increasing sequence of strictly positive, possibly infinite random variables which are strictly increasing as long as they ...

A two-component complex column vector. Spinors can describe both bosons and fermions, while tensors can describe only bosons.

A differential evolution method used to minimize functions of real variables. Evolution strategies are significantly faster at numerical optimization than traditional genetic ...

A genetic algorithm is a class of adaptive stochastic optimization algorithms involving search and optimization. Genetic algorithms were first used by Holland (1975). The ...

Maximize the distance a Jeep can penetrate into the desert using a given quantity of fuel. The Jeep is allowed to go forward, unload some fuel, and then return to its base ...

A statement which appears self-contradictory or contrary to expectations, also known as an antinomy. Curry (1977, p. 5) uses the term pseudoparadox to describe an apparent ...