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Take K a number field and L an Abelian extension, then form a prime divisor m that is divided by all ramified primes of the extension L/K. Now define a map phi_(L/K) from the ...

The backward difference is a finite difference defined by del _p=del f_p=f_p-f_(p-1). (1) Higher order differences are obtained by repeated operations of the backward ...

A column-convex self-avoiding polygon which contains the bottom edge of its minimal bounding rectangle. The anisotropic perimeter and area generating function ...

The batman curve is a piecewise curve in the shape of the logo of the Batman superhero originally posted on reddit.com on Jul. 28, 2011. It can written as two functions, one ...

The binary logarithm log_2x is the logarithm to base 2. The notation lgx is sometimes used to denote this function in number theoretic literature. However, because Russian ...

The central difference for a function tabulated at equal intervals f_n is defined by delta(f_n)=delta_n=delta_n^1=f_(n+1/2)-f_(n-1/2). (1) First and higher order central ...

A Gaussian quadrature-like formula for numerical estimation of integrals. It uses weighting function W(x)=1 in the interval [-1,1] and forces all the weights to be equal. The ...

The number of ways of picking k unordered outcomes from n possibilities. Also known as the binomial coefficient or choice number and read "n choose k," _nC_k=(n; ...

A number which can be computed to any number of digits desired by a Turing machine. Surprisingly, most irrationals are not computable numbers!

A topological space decomposes into its connected components. The connectedness relation between two pairs of points satisfies transitivity, i.e., if a∼b and b∼c then a∼c. ...