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The ratio C of the largest to smallest singular value in the singular value decomposition of a matrix. The base-b logarithm of C is an estimate of how many base-b digits are ...

The Condon-Shortley phase is the factor of (-1)^m that occurs in some definitions of the spherical harmonics (e.g., Arfken 1985, p. 682) to compensate for the lack of ...

A confidence interval is an interval in which a measurement or trial falls corresponding to a given probability. Usually, the confidence interval of interest is symmetrically ...

_0F_1(;a;z)=lim_(q->infty)_1F_1(q;a;z/q). (1) It has a series expansion _0F_1(;a;z)=sum_(n=0)^infty(z^n)/((a)_nn!) (2) and satisfies z(d^2y)/(dz^2)+a(dy)/(dz)-y=0. (3) It is ...

There are several different definitions of conical coordinates defined by Morse and Feshbach (1953), Byerly (1959), Arfken (1970), and Moon and Spencer (1988). The ...

A statement is in conjunctive normal form if it is a conjunction (sequence of ANDs) consisting of one or more conjuncts, each of which is a disjunction (OR) of one or more ...

A plot of equipotential curves. If desired, the regions between contours can be shaded or colored to indicate their magnitude. Contour plots are implemented in the Wolfram ...

The winding number of a contour gamma about a point z_0, denoted n(gamma,z_0), is defined by n(gamma,z_0)=1/(2pii)∮_gamma(dz)/(z-z_0) and gives the number of times gamma ...

A set in Euclidean space R^d is convex set if it contains all the line segments connecting any pair of its points. If the set does not contain all the line segments, it is ...

The automorphism group Co_1 of the Leech lattice modulo a center of order two is called "the" Conway group. There are 15 exceptional conjugacy classes of the Conway group. ...