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The transform inverting the sequence g(n)=sum_(d|n)f(d) (1) into f(n)=sum_(d|n)mu(d)g(n/d), (2) where the sums are over all possible integers d that divide n and mu(d) is the ...

The perspective image of an infinite checkerboard. It can be constructed starting from any triangle DeltaOXY, where OX and OY form the near corner of the floor, and XY is the ...

A Moiré pattern is an interference pattern produced by overlaying similar but slightly offset templates. A simple example is obtained by taking two identical ruled ...

Draw three circles in the plane, none of which lies completely inside another, and the common external tangent lines for each pair. Then points of intersection of the three ...

Any method which solves a problem by generating suitable random numbers and observing that fraction of the numbers obeying some property or properties. The method is useful ...

The Mordell conjecture states that Diophantine equations that give rise to surfaces with two or more holes have only finite many solutions in Gaussian integers with no common ...

A generalization of calculus of variations which draws the relationship between the stationary points of a smooth real-valued function on a manifold and the global topology ...

A permutation problem invented by Cayley. Let the numbers 1, 2, ..., n be written on a set of cards, and shuffle this deck of cards. Now, start counting using the top card. ...

What is the sofa of greatest area S which can be moved around a right-angled hallway of unit width? Hammersley (Croft et al. 1994) showed that S>=pi/2+2/pi=2.2074... (1) ...

The multicomputational paradigm is a generalization of the computational paradigm to many computational threads of time. In the ordinary computational paradigm, time ...