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The inverse secant sec^(-1)z (Zwillinger 1995, p. 465), also denoted arcsecz (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. 79; Harris and Stocker 1998, p. 315; Jeffrey 2000, p. 124), is ...

The Rhind papyrus is a famous document from the Egyptian Middle Kingdom that dates to 1650 BC. It was purchased by Henry Rhind in Egypt in 1858, and placed in the British ...

There are a number of equations known as the Riccati differential equation. The most common is z^2w^('')+[z^2-n(n+1)]w=0 (1) (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. 445; Zwillinger ...

The wallpaper groups are the 17 possible plane symmetry groups. They are commonly represented using Hermann-Mauguin-like symbols or in orbifold notation (Zwillinger 1995, p. ...

A connective in logic known as the "exclusive or," or exclusive disjunction. It yields true if exactly one (but not both) of two conditions is true. The XOR operation does ...

Discrete Mathematics

A Ruth-Aaron pair is a pair of consecutive numbers (n,n+1) such that the sums of the prime factors of n and n+1 are equal. They are so named because they were inspired by the ...

Separation of variables is a method of solving ordinary and partial differential equations. For an ordinary differential equation (dy)/(dx)=g(x)f(y), (1) where f(y)is nonzero ...

Game theory is a branch of mathematics that deals with the analysis of games (i.e., situations involving parties with conflicting interests). In addition to the mathematical ...

The Heilbronn triangle problem is to place n>=3 points in a disk (square, equilateral triangle, etc.) of unit area so as to maximize the area Delta(n) of the smallest of the ...