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An "area" which can be defined for every set--even those without a true geometric area--which is rigid and finitely additive.

A puzzle in logic in which one or more facts must be inferred from a set of given facts.

The process of taking the complement of a set or truth function. In the latter case, complementation is equivalent to the NOT operation.

S_n=sum_(i)eta_imu(E_i), where mu(E_i) is the measure of the set E_i of points on the x-axis for which f(x) approx eta_i.

An integer that is either 0 or positive, i.e., a member of the set Z^*={0} union Z^+, where Z-+ denotes the positive integers.

An integer that is either 0 or negative, i.e., a member of the set {0} union Z^-, where Z-- denotes the negative integers.

One out of a set of identical observations in a given experiment under identical conditions.

A transversal line is a line which intersects each of a given set of other lines. It is also called a semisecant.

If s_x is the standard deviation of a set of samples x_i and x^_ their mean, then the variation coefficient is defined as V=(s_x)/(x^_).

Let (A,<=) be a partially ordered set. Then an element m in A is said to be maximal if, for all a in A, m!<=a. Alternatively, an element m in A is maximal such that if m<=a ...