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A sieving procedure that can be used in conjunction with Dixon's factorization method to factor large numbers n. Pick values of r given by r=|_sqrt(n)_|+k, (1) where k=1, 2, ...

The treewidth is a measure of the count of original graph vertices mapped onto any tree vertex in an optimal tree decomposition. Determining the treewidth of an arbitrary ...

A twin Pythagorean triple is a Pythagorean triple (a,b,c) for which two values are consecutive integers. By definition, twin triplets are therefore primitive triples. Of the ...

Let there be n>=2 integers 0<a_1<...<a_n with GCD(a_1,a_2,...,a_n)=1. The values a_i represent the denominations of n different coins, where these denominations have greatest ...

The self-describing sequence consisting of "blocks" of single and double 1s and 2s, where a "block" is a single digit or pair of digits that is different from the digit (or ...

The Kronecker symbol is an extension of the Jacobi symbol (n/m) to all integers. It is variously written as (n/m) or (n/m) (Cohn 1980; Weiss 1998, p. 236) or (n|m) (Dickson ...

An l_x table is a tabulation of numbers which is used to calculate life expectancies. x n_x d_x l_x q_x L_x T_x e_x 0 1000 200 1.00 0.20 0.90 2.70 2.70 1 800 100 0.80 0.12 ...

Given the Mertens function defined by M(n)=sum_(k=1)^nmu(k), (1) where mu(n) is the Möbius function, Stieltjes claimed in an 1885 letter to Hermite that M(x)x^(-1/2) stays ...

Anomalous cancellation is a "canceling" of digits of a and b in the numerator and denominator of a fraction a/b which results in a fraction equal to the original. Note that ...

An algorithm that can be used to factor a polynomial f over the integers. The algorithm proceeds by first factoring f modulo a suitable prime p via Berlekamp's method and ...