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A system of equation types obtained by generalizing the differential equation for the normal distribution (dy)/(dx)=(y(m-x))/a, (1) which has solution y=Ce^((2m-x)x/(2a)), ...

Buffon's needle problem asks to find the probability that a needle of length l will land on a line, given a floor with equally spaced parallel lines a distance d apart. The ...

A number is said to be simply normal to base b if its base-b expansion has each digit appearing with average frequency tending to b^(-1). A normal number is an irrational ...

The rectilinear crossing number of a graph G is the minimum number of crossings in a straight line embedding of G in a plane. It is variously denoted rcr(G), cr^_(G) ...

Consider the probability Q_1(n,d) that no two people out of a group of n will have matching birthdays out of d equally possible birthdays. Start with an arbitrary person's ...

The mathematical study of the likelihood and probability of events occurring based on known information and inferred by taking a limited number of samples. Statistics plays ...

The class of all regular sequences of particularly well-behaved functions equivalent to a given regular sequence. A distribution is sometimes also called a "generalized ...

Kurtosis is defined as a normalized form of the fourth central moment mu_4 of a distribution. There are several flavors of kurtosis, the most commonly encountered variety of ...

Let the probabilities of various classes in a distribution be p_1, p_2, ..., p_k, with observed frequencies m_1, m_2, ..., m_k. The quantity ...

Maximum likelihood, also called the maximum likelihood method, is the procedure of finding the value of one or more parameters for a given statistic which makes the known ...