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The shortest path problem seeks to find the shortest path (a.k.a. graph geodesic) connecting two specific vertices (u,v) of a directed or undirected graph. The length of the ...

A homework problem proposed in Steffi's math class in January 2003 asked students to prove that no ratio of two unequal numbers obtained by permuting all the digits 1, 2, ...

The problem in computational geometry of identifying the point from a set of points which is nearest to a given point according to some measure of distance. The nearest ...

The Hadwiger-Nelson problem asks for the chromatic number of the plane, i.e., the minimum number of colors needed to color the plane if no two points at unit distance one ...

Sylvester's line problem, known as the Sylvester-Gallai theorem in proved form, states that it is not possible to arrange a finite number of points so that a line through ...

Given three jugs with x pints in the first, y in the second, and z in the third, obtain a desired amount in one of the vessels by completely filling up and/or emptying ...

Buffon's needle problem asks to find the probability that a needle of length l will land on a line, given a floor with equally spaced parallel lines a distance d apart. The ...

The P versus NP problem is the determination of whether all NP-problems are actually P-problems. If P and NP are not equivalent, then the solution of NP-problems requires (in ...

The Königsberg bridge problem asks if the seven bridges of the city of Königsberg (left figure; Kraitchik 1942), formerly in Germany but now known as Kaliningrad and part of ...

The problem of finding in how many ways E_n a plane convex polygon of n sides can be divided into triangles by diagonals. Euler first proposed it to Christian Goldbach in ...