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A congruent number can be defined as an integer that is equal to the area of a rational right triangle (Koblitz 1993). Numbers (a,x,y,z,t) such that {x^2+ay^2=z^2; ...

As Lagrange showed, any irrational number alpha has an infinity of rational approximations p/q which satisfy |alpha-p/q|<1/(sqrt(5)q^2). (1) Furthermore, if there are no ...

A monotone triangle (also called a strict Gelfand pattern or a gog triangle) of order n is a number triangle with n numbers along each side and the base containing entries ...

Somos defines a rational triangle as a triangle such that all three sides measured relative to each other are rational. Koblitz (1993) defined a congruent number as an ...

The nth Suzanne set S_n is defined as the set of composite numbers x for which n|S(x) and n|S_p(x), where x = a_0+a_1(10^1)+...+a_d(10^d) (1) = p_1p_2...p_m, (2) and S(x) = ...

The integer sequence 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 4, 3, 5, 4, 7, 5, 8, 7, 10, 8, 12, 10, 14, 12, 16, 14, 19, 16, 21, 19, ... (OEIS A005044) given by the coefficients of the ...

Scan the decimal expansion of a constant (including any digits to the left of the decimal point) until all n-digit strings have been seen (including 0-padded strings). The ...

The rascal triangle is a number triangle with numbers arranged in staggered rows such that a_(n,r)=n(r-n)+1. (1) The published study of this triangle seems to have originated ...

The number of degrees of freedom in a problem, distribution, etc., is the number of parameters which may be independently varied.

A game in which each player has a finite number of moves and a finite number of choices at each move.