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A polygon can be defined (as illustrated above) as a geometric object "consisting of a number of points (called vertices) and an equal number of line segments (called sides), ...

The quaternions are members of a noncommutative division algebra first invented by William Rowan Hamilton. The idea for quaternions occurred to him while he was walking along ...

A generalized hypergeometric function _pF_q(a_1,...,a_p;b_1,...,b_q;x) is a function which can be defined in the form of a hypergeometric series, i.e., a series for which the ...

An asymptotic series is a series expansion of a function in a variable x which may converge or diverge (Erdélyi 1987, p. 1), but whose partial sums can be made an arbitrarily ...

A Bessel function of the second kind Y_n(x) (e.g, Gradshteyn and Ryzhik 2000, p. 703, eqn. 6.649.1), sometimes also denoted N_n(x) (e.g, Gradshteyn and Ryzhik 2000, p. 657, ...

The Borromean rings, also called the Borromean links (Livingston 1993, p. 10) are three mutually interlocked rings (left figure), named after the Italian Renaissance family ...

Calabi-Yau spaces are important in string theory, where one model posits the geometry of the universe to consist of a ten-dimensional space of the form M×V, where M is a four ...

Define a carefree couple as a pair of positive integers (a,b) such that a and b are relatively prime (i.e., GCD(a,b)=1) and a is squarefree. Similarly, define a strongly ...

Cartesian coordinates are rectilinear two- or three-dimensional coordinates (and therefore a special case of curvilinear coordinates) which are also called rectangular ...

The Church-Turing thesis (formerly commonly known simply as Church's thesis) says that any real-world computation can be translated into an equivalent computation involving a ...