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Let A and B be any sets, and let |X| be the cardinal number of a set X. Then cardinal exponentiation is defined by |A|^(|B|)=|set of all functions from B into A| (Ciesielski ...

Let A and B be any sets. Then the product of |A| and |B| is defined as the Cartesian product |A|*|B|=|A×B| (Ciesielski 1997, p. 68; Dauben 1990, p. 173; Moore 1982, p. 37; ...

If f(z) is regular and of the form O(e^(k|z|)) where k<pi, for R[z]>=0, and if f(z)=0 for z=0, 1, ..., then f(z) is identically zero.

A Cartesian tensor is a tensor in three-dimensional Euclidean space. Unlike general tensors, there is no distinction between covariant and contravariant indices for Cartesian ...

A tree (also called a central tree) having a single node that is a graph center. The numbers of centered trees on n=1, 2, ... nodes are 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 7, 12, 27, 55, 127, ...

Using a Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind T(x), define c_j = 2/Nsum_(k=1)^(N)f(x_k)T_j(x_k) (1) = 2/Nsum_(k=1)^(N)f[cos{(pi(k-1/2))/N}]cos{(pij(k-1/2))/N}. (2) Then f(x) ...

The constants lambda_(m,n)=inf_(r in R_(m,n))sup_(x>=0)|e^(-x)-r(x)|, where r(x)=(p(x))/(q(x)), p and q are mth and nth order polynomials, and R_(m,n) is the set of all ...

Given a symmetric positive definite matrix A, the Cholesky decomposition is an upper triangular matrix U with strictly positive diagonal entries such that A=U^(T)U. Cholesky ...

The evolute of a circle is a degenerate point at the origin.

The involute of the circle was first studied by Huygens when he was considering clocks without pendula for use on ships at sea. He used the circle involute in his first ...