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Let gamma be a path given parametrically by sigma(t). Let s denote arc length from the initial point. Then int_gammaf(s)ds = int_a^bf(sigma(t))|sigma^'(t)|dt (1) = ...

The word "place" has a special meaning in complex variables, where it roughly corresponds to a point in the complex plane (except that it reflects the Riemann sheet structure ...

Suppose for every point x in a manifold M, an inner product <·,·>_x is defined on a tangent space T_xM of M at x. Then the collection of all these inner products is called ...

The function f(x,y)=(1-x)^2+100(y-x^2)^2 that is often used as a test problem for optimization algorithms (where a variation with 100 replaced by 105 is sometimes used; ...

The second Yff triangle is the Cevian triangle DeltaA^'B^'C^' of the second Yff point. The area of the second Yff triangle is Delta=(u^3)/(2R), where R is the circumradius of ...

A topological space having a countable dense subset. An example is the Euclidean space R^n with the Euclidean topology, since it has the rational lattice Q^n as a countable ...

A function f(x) has a spinode (also called a horizontal cusp) at a point x_0 if f(x) is continuous at x_0 and lim_(x->x_0)f^'(x)=infty from one side while ...

The locus of points whose first polars with regard to the curves of a linear net have a common point. It is also the locus of points of concurrence of line polars of points ...

Let x be a point in an n-dimensional compact manifold M, and attach at x a copy of R^n tangential to M. The resulting structure is called the tangent space of M at x and is ...

The lines joining the vertices of a tetrahedron to the centroids of the opposite faces are called medians. Commandino's theorem states that the four medians of a tetrahedron ...