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A popular acronym for "principal ideal domain." In engineering circles, the acronym PID refers to the "proportional-integral-derivative method" algorithm for controlling ...

A pentagon is a five-sided polygon. Several special types of pentagons are illustrated above. In particular, a pentagon with vertices equally spaced around a circle and with ...

An adjoint curve which bears a special relation to the base curve.

A power series containing fractional exponents (Davenport et al. 1993, p. 91) and logarithms, where the logarithms may be multiply nested, e.g., lnlnx.

A real matrix is a matrix whose elements consist entirely of real numbers. The set of m×n real matrices is sometimes denoted R^(m×n) (Zwillinger 1995, p. 116).

The regular decagon is constructible 10-sided regular polygon with Schläfli symbol {10}. The inradius r, circumradius R, and area can be computed directly from the formulas ...

A proof or demonstration is said to be rigorous if the validity of each step and the connections between the steps is explicitly made clear in such a way that the result ...

dN^^+kappa_idr=0, where N^^ is the unit normal vector and kappa_i is one of the two principal curvatures.

The Seiberg-Witten equations are D_Apsi = 0 (1) F_A^+ = -tau(psi,psi), (2) where tau is the sesquilinear map tau:W^+×W^+->Lambda^+ tensor C.

Sinai billiards is the reflection of a ray of light by an arrangement of perfectly reflecting circles in the plane (Trott 2004, pp. 28-30). The path is extremely sensitive to ...