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The dihedral angle is the angle theta between two planes. The dihedral angle between the planes a_1x+b_1y+c_1z+d_1 = 0 (1) a_2x+b_2y+c_2z+d_2 = 0 (2) which have normal ...

If Y_i have normal independent distributions with mean 0 and variance 1, then chi^2=sum_(i=1)^rY_i^2 (1) is distributed as chi^2 with r degrees of freedom. This makes a chi^2 ...

A set of planes sharing a point in common. For planes specified in Hessian normal form, a bundle of planes can therefore be specified as ...

If x is a regular patch on a regular surface in R^3 with normal N^^, then x_(uu) = Gamma_(11)^1x_u+Gamma_(11)^2x_v+eN^^ (1) x_(uv) = Gamma_(12)^1x_u+Gamma_(12)^2x_v+fN^^ (2) ...

Let a space curve have line elements ds_N, ds_T, and ds_B along the normal, tangent, and binormal vectors respectively, then ds_N^2=ds_T^2+ds_B^2, (1) where ds_N^2 = ...

Given a parabola with parametric equations x = at^2 (1) y = at, (2) the evolute is given by x_e = 1/2a(1+6t^2) (3) y_e = -4at^3. (4) Eliminating x and y gives the implicit ...

Given two distributions Y and X with joint probability density function f(x,y), let U=Y/X be the ratio distribution. Then the distribution function of u is D(u) = P(U<=u) (1) ...

Let there be x successes out of n Bernoulli trials. The sample proportion is the fraction of samples which were successes, so p^^=x/n. (1) For large n, p^^ has an ...

A pair of dice which have the same odds for throwing every number as a normal pair of 6-sided dice. They are the only such alternate arrangement if face values are required ...

A formula of first-order logic is said to be in Skolemized form (sometimes also called Skolem standard form or universal form) if it is of the form forall x_1... forall x_nM, ...