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A technique in set theory invented by P. Cohen (1963, 1964, 1966) and used to prove that the axiom of choice and continuum hypothesis are independent of one another in ...

Let (x_1,x_2) and (y_1,y_2) be two sets of complex numbers linearly independent over the rationals. Then the four exponential conjecture posits that at least one of ...

The second-order ordinary differential equation (1-x^2)y^('')-2(mu+1)xy^'+(nu-mu)(nu+mu+1)y=0 (1) sometimes called the hyperspherical differential equation (Iyanaga and ...

The global clustering coefficient C of a graph G is the ratio of the number of closed trails of length 3 to the number of paths of length two in G. Let A be the adjacency ...

A grid usually refers to two or more infinite sets of evenly-spaced parallel lines at particular angles to each other in a plane, or the intersections of such lines. The two ...

A two-dimensional generalization of the Haar transform which is used for the compression of astronomical images. The algorithm consists of dividing the 2^N×2^N image into ...

If f:[a,b]->[a,b] (where [a,b] denotes the closed interval from a to b on the real line) satisfies a Lipschitz condition with constant K, i.e., if |f(x)-f(y)|<=K|x-y| for all ...

A relation expressing a sum potentially involving binomial coefficients, factorials, rational functions, and power functions in terms of a simple result. Thanks to results by ...

The inverse erf function is the inverse function erfc^(-1)(z) of erfc(x) such that erfc(erfc^(-1)(x))=erfc^(-1)(erfc(x)), (1) with the first identity holding for 0<x<2 and ...

A semiprime which English economist and logician William Stanley Jevons incorrectly believed no one else would be able to factor. According to Jevons (1874, p. 123), "Can the ...