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The modification of a set of data to make it smooth and nearly continuous and remove or diminish outlying points.

The equation of the curve of intersection of a torus with a plane perpendicular to both the midplane of the torus and to the plane x=0. (The general intersection of a torus ...

The "trefoil" curve is the name given by Cundy and Rollett (1989, p. 72) to the quartic plane curve given by the equation x^4+x^2y^2+y^4=x(x^2-y^2). (1) As such, it is a ...

An illusion invented by the German psychologist Wilhelm Wundt in the 19th century. In the figure above, the two red horizontal lines are both straight, but they look as if ...

A game played with two heaps of counters in which a player may take any number from either heap or the same number from both. The player taking the last counter wins. The rth ...

The eight Gell-Mann matrices lambda_i, i=1,...,8, are an example of the set of generators of the Lie algebra associated to the special unitary group SU(3). Explicitly, these ...

Kepler's folium is a folium curve explored by Kepler in 1609 (Lawrence 1972, p. 151; Gray et al. 2006, p. 85). When used without qualification, the term "folium" sometimes ...

The logistic equation (sometimes called the Verhulst model or logistic growth curve) is a model of population growth first published by Pierre Verhulst (1845, 1847). The ...

Newton's method for finding roots of a complex polynomial f entails iterating the function z-[f(z)/f^'(z)], which can be viewed as applying the Euler backward method with ...

Reciprocation is an incidence-preserving transformation in which points are transformed into their polars. A projective geometry-like duality principle holds for ...