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The group of all nonsingular n×n stochastic matrices over a field F. It is denoted S(n,F). If p is prime and F is the finite field of order q=p^m, S(n,q) is written instead ...

A set of n cells in an n×n square such that no two come from the same row and no two come from the same column. The number of transversals of an n×n square is n! (n ...

Construction of the angle pi/6=30 degrees produces a 30-60-90 triangle, which has angles theta=pi/6 and 2theta=pi/3. From the above diagram, write y=sintheta for the vertical ...

The function psi(x)={x(1-(x^2)/(c^2))^2 for |x|<c; 0 for |x|>c (1) sometimes used in robust estimation. It has a minimum at x=-c/sqrt(5) and a maximum at x=c/sqrt(5), where ...

A horizontal line placed under a symbol to indicate some special property. Underscores are sometimes used instead of over-arrows or bold typeface to indicate a vector, for ...

The unitary group U_n(q) is the set of n×n unitary matrices.

Differential Geometry

Diagonalize a form over the rationals to diag[p^a·A,p^b·B,...], where all the entries are integers and A, B, ... are relatively prime to p. Then the p-signature of the form ...

An acyclic digraph is a directed graph containing no directed cycles, also known as a directed acyclic graph or a "DAG." Every finite acyclic digraph has at least one node of ...

A diagonal matrix is a square matrix A of the form a_(ij)=c_idelta_(ij), (1) where delta_(ij) is the Kronecker delta, c_i are constants, and i,j=1, 2, ..., n, with no implied ...