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Let P be a class of (universal) algebras. Then an algebra A is a local P-algebra provided that every finitely generated subalgebra F of A is a member of the class P. Note ...

A patch (also called a local surface) is a differentiable mapping x:U->R^n, where U is an open subset of R^2. More generally, if A is any subset of R^2, then a map x:A->R^n ...

A local source is a node of a directed graph with no entering edges (Borowski and Borwein 1991, p. 401; left figure), and a global source (often simply called a source) is a ...

Let P be the set of prime ideals of a commutative ring A. Then an affine scheme is a technical mathematical object defined as the ring spectrum sigma(A) of P, regarded as a ...

A map projection which is a conformal mapping, i.e., one for which local (infinitesimal) angles on a sphere are mapped to the same angles in the projection. On maps of an ...

The conjugate gradient method is an algorithm for finding the nearest local minimum of a function of n variables which presupposes that the gradient of the function can be ...

Suppose f(x) is continuous at a stationary point x_0. 1. If f^'(x)>0 on an open interval extending left from x_0 and f^'(x)<0 on an open interval extending right from x_0, ...

A topology tau on a topological vector space X=(X,tau) (with X usually assumed to be T2) is said to be locally convex if tau admits a local base at 0 consisting of balanced, ...

A regular ring in the sense of commutative algebra is a commutative unit ring such that all its localizations at prime ideals are regular local rings. In contrast, a von ...

If A is a normed algebra, a net {e_i} in A is called an approximate identity for A if sup_(i)|e_i|<infty and if for each a in A, e_ia->a and ae_i->a. Though this definition ...