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The Sombor spectral radius rho_(Sombor) of a graph is defined as the largest eigenvalue of the Sombor matrix. Liu et al. (2022) shows that for any tree, ...

The spherical distance between two points P and Q on a sphere is the distance of the shortest path along the surface of the sphere (paths that cut through the interior of the ...

In the tabu search category of meta-heuristics, the essential idea is to 'forbid' search moves to points already visited in the (usually discrete) search space, at least for ...

A multimagic square such that the first, second, third, and fourth powers of the elements all yield magic squares is known as a tetramagic square. The first known tetramagic ...

An upper triangular matrix U is defined by U_(ij)={a_(ij) for i<=j; 0 for i>j. (1) Written explicitly, U=[a_(11) a_(12) ... a_(1n); 0 a_(22) ... a_(2n); | | ... |; 0 0 ... ...

The twin composites may be defined by analogy with the twin primes as pairs of composite numbers (n,n+2). Since all even number are trivially twin composites, it is natural ...

By way of analogy with the eban numbers, uban numbers are defined as numbers whose English names do not contain the letter "u" (i.e., "u" is banned). Note that this ...

Let X be a connected topological space. Then X is unicoherent provided that for any closed connected subsets A and B of X, if X=A union B, then A intersection B is connected. ...

A positive integer n is a veryprime iff all primes p<=sqrt(n) satisfy {|2[n (mod p)]-p|<=1 very strong; |2[n (mod p)]-p|<=sqrt(p) strong; |2[n (mod p)]-p|<=p/2 weak. (1) The ...

The word weight has many uses in mathematics. It can refer to a function w(x) (also called a weighting function or weighting function) used to normalize orthogonal functions. ...