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A category modeled after the properties of the category of sets. A category E is a topos if E has finite limits and every object of E has a power object (Barr and Wells 1985, ...

The total graph T(G) of a graph G has a vertex for each edge and vertex of G and an edge in T(G) for every edge-edge, vertex-edge, and vertex-vertex adjacency in G ...

A uniform-density polyhedral solid is unistable (also called monostable) if it is stable on exactly one face (Croft et al. 1991, p. 61). For example, the 19-faced polyhedron ...

A characterization of normal spaces which states that a topological space X is normal iff, for any two nonempty closed disjoint subsets A, and B of X, there is a continuous ...

Let sum_(n=1)^(infty)u_n(x) be a series of functions all defined for a set E of values of x. If there is a convergent series of constants sum_(n=1)^inftyM_n, such that ...

Two points P,Q on a compact Riemann surface such that P lies on every geodesic passing through Q, and conversely. An oriented surface where every point belongs to a ...

A game played with two heaps of counters in which a player may take any number from either heap or the same number from both. The player taking the last counter wins. The rth ...

Let a random n×n (0,1)-matrix have entries which are 1 (with probability p) or 0 (with probability q=1-p) and numbers are assigned to the edges of a grid. A b-cluster is an ...

An n-tuple, sometimes simply called a "tuple" when the number n is known implicitly, is another word for a list, i.e., an ordered set of n elements. It can be interpreted as ...

The third prime number, which is also the second Fermat prime, the third Sophie Germain prime, and Fibonacci number F_4. It is an Eisenstein prime, but not a Gaussian prime, ...