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The neighborhood graph of a given graph from a vertex v is the subgraph induced by the neighborhood of a graph from vertex v, most commonly including v itself. Such graphs ...

The next prime function NP(n) gives the smallest prime larger than n. The function can be given explicitly as NP(n)=p_(1+pi(n)), where p_i is the ith prime and pi(n) is the ...

The distribution with probability density function and distribution function P(x) = (ab^a)/(x^(a+1)) (1) D(x) = 1-(b/x)^a (2) defined over the interval x>=b. It is ...

A number of fractal curves are associated with Peano. The Peano curve is the fractal curve illustrated above which can be written as a Lindenmayer system. The nth iteration ...

The term perimeter refers either to the curve constituting the boundary of a lamina or else to the length of this boundary. The perimeter of a circle is called the ...

A chart made by plotting the numeric values of a set of quantities as a set of adjacent circular wedges with arc lengths proportional to the total amount. All wedges taken ...

The previous prime function PP(n) gives the largest prime less than n. The function can be given explicitly as PP(n)=p_(pi(n-1)), where p_i is the ith prime and pi(n) is the ...

A symbol used to distinguish one quantity x^' ("x prime") from another related x. Prime marks are most commonly used to denote 1. Transformed coordinates, 2. Conjugate ...

The principal value of an analytic multivalued function is the single value chosen by convention to be returned for a given argument. Complex multivalued functions have ...

Given a matrix A, its QR-decomposition is a matrix decomposition of the form A=QR, where R is an upper triangular matrix and Q is an orthogonal matrix, i.e., one satisfying ...