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The all-pairs shortest path problem is the determination of the shortest graph distances between every pair of vertices in a given graph. The problem can be solved using n ...

Two nonisomorphic graphs are said to be chromatically equivalent (also termed "chromically equivalent by Bari 1974) if they have identical chromatic polynomials. A graph that ...

Given a distance-regular graph G with integers b_i,c_i,i=0,...,d such that for any two vertices x,y in G at distance i=d(x,y), there are exactly c_i neighbors of y in ...

Let c_k be the number of vertex covers of a graph G of size k. Then the vertex cover polynomial Psi_G(x) is defined by Psi_G(x)=sum_(k=0)^(|G|)c_kx^k, (1) where |G| is the ...

A lattice L is said to be oriented if there exists a rule which assigns a specified direction to any edge connecting arbitrary lattice points x_i,x_j in L. In that way, an ...

Cospectral graphs, also called isospectral graphs, are graphs that share the same graph spectrum. The smallest pair of isospectral graphs is the graph union C_4 union K_1 and ...

Let G_1, G_2, ..., G_t be a t-graph edge coloring of the complete graph K_n, where for each i=1, 2, ..., t, G_i is the spanning subgraph of K_n consisting of all graph edges ...

A polyhedron that is dual to itself. For example, the tetrahedron is self-dual. Naturally, the skeleton of a self-dual polyhedron is a self-dual graph. Pyramids are ...

The shortest path problem seeks to find the shortest path (a.k.a. graph geodesic) connecting two specific vertices (u,v) of a directed or undirected graph. The length of the ...

An edge cover is a subset of edges defined similarly to the vertex cover (Skiena 1990, p. 219), namely a collection of graph edges such that the union of edge endpoints ...